Fluoride, a naturally occurring element found in fluoride compounds, has been shown to be effective in reducing childhood cavities and tooth decay. It is a crucial component of various toothpaste brands, oral gels, and mouthwashes, and is commonly present in community water supplies. While fluoride is essential for maintaining good oral health, excessive consumption can lead to a condition called fluorosis. Pediatric dentists are skilled in monitoring fluoride levels and ensuring that children receive the appropriate amount for optimal dental care.
How can fluoride prevent tooth decay?
Fluoride plays two crucial roles in dental health. Firstly, it helps prevent the loss of minerals from tooth enamel, and secondly, it aids in the remineralization of enamel.
When we consume carbohydrates, oral bacteria feed on them and produce harmful acids. These acids attack tooth enamel, especially in children who take medications or have reduced saliva production. This repeated acid exposure leads to cavities, tooth decay, and periodontal disease in children. Fluoride acts as a protective shield for tooth enamel, guarding against acid attacks and reducing the risk of tooth decay.
To maximize the benefits of fluoride, it should be incorporated into a comprehensive oral hygiene routine. This includes minimizing the intake of sugary foods, regular brushing and flossing, and biannual visits to the pediatric dentist. These practices, in combination with fluoride, ensure the maintenance of healthy teeth in children.
How much fluoride is enough?
The appropriate amount of fluoride depends on the age of the child and the level of fluoride in the water supply. Generally, the American Dental Association (ADA) recommends the following fluoride intake:
For infants younger than 6 months: If the water supply contains an adequate level of fluoride (usually 0.7 parts per million), no additional fluoride supplements are necessary. Breast milk or formula provides sufficient fluoride.
For infants aged 6 months to 3 years: If the water supply does not have enough fluoride, the pediatric dentist may prescribe fluoride supplements based on the child's age and fluoride levels in the water.
For children aged 3 years and older: Using a pea-sized amount of fluoride toothpaste is recommended for brushing teeth. Parents should supervise and ensure that children spit out the toothpaste after brushing, without swallowing it.
Community water fluoridation: If the water supply has fluoride levels within the recommended range (0.7 to 1.2 parts per million), no additional fluoride supplements are necessary. Drinking fluoridated water helps protect teeth from decay.
Does my child need fluoride supplements?
The pediatric dentist assesses the need for fluoride supplements based on the child's fluoride intake, health history, and diet. They may recommend at-home fluoride supplements if the child is at high risk of tooth decay and not receiving enough fluoride.
During regular office visits, the dentist can apply topical fluoride to the tooth enamel using methods such as foam, liquids, varnishes, or gels. The application is quick and painless, and can be done with specialized trays or a brush, depending on the child's age and cooperation.
If you have questions or concerns about fluoride or fluorosis, please contact our office.